Laser engraving is the practice of using lasers to engrave or mark an object. The technique does not involve the use of inks, nor does it involve tool bits which contact the engraving surface and wear out.
Waterjet Cutting
Waterjet technology is a computerized cold cutting technology that can cut most materials into any two dimensional shape.
Machining & More
This involves various processes in which pieces of raw material is cut into a desired final shape and size by a controlled material-removal process. The many processes that have this common theme, controlled material removal, are today collectively known as subtractive manufacturing.